Navy News Make-'A'-Mends
13 May 2008
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10. DOCUMENTARIES   08.02.01 16:48

This final section comprises films of enlightenment, persuasion, comment and, for wartime audiences, of exhortation and reassurance. The field is potentially enormous, especially if we take into account those productions designed for in-house use only. Over the years, such training aids must add up to hundreds of titles in dozens of languages on scores of topics, many by now perfectly redundant: Introduction to the Correct Selection of Marine Paint (1947), Shipboard Sewage: Problems and Solutions (1960)... of interest now, assuming prints have survived the junking process, only to cinema historians and to devotees, should any exist, of the subjects being elucidated.

In fact, sooner or later everything turns into history, and although we have noted a few token instructionals, it's the historical dimension which predominates among the selection of titles which follows.

The majority were government-sponsored, and prints naturally tend to be held by such archives as The Imperial War Museum in London and The Library of Congress in Washington - rather than by the commercial companies concerned with marketing the entertainment films covered in the preceding sections. Even so, some of these 'official' pictures have been released for VCR home viewing at one time or another during the last couple of decades. That's one of the reasons why, for interested parties, browsing around car boot sales can be so engrossing.

Again, visitors are urged to tell us about any titles which they feel ought to be added.

A-B | C-G | H-R | S-T | U-Z
 
A-B
 
Action Stations (Canada, 1943, 50 mins)
Filmed over four months aboard the corvette HMCS Port Arthur. Dir Joris Ivens
Appointment in Tokyo (US, 1945, 57 mins)
The story of the Pacific war, including material on such engagements as the battle of the Coral Sea. Produced by the US Army Signal Corps for the fourth anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbour, with the emphasis firmly on the achievements of General Douglas MacArthur. Dir Jack Hively
Atlantic Patrol (Canada, 1940, 15 mins)
An issue of the news magazine Canada Carries On, about the Canadian navy's war effort.
Attack in the Pacific! (US, 1944, 60 mins)
Produced by the US Office of War Information to describe the course of events to date in the Pacific theatre.
Barbados Day at Portsmouth (GB, 1942, 10 mins)
A production of the Colonial Film Unit.
Battle of the Ionian Sea (Italy, 1940, 30 mins)
The Italian air and sea campaign against the British in the Ionian Sea.
Battle of the Java Sea (Holland, 1995, 138 mins)
Detailed account of the engagement between a Japanese and an Anglo-Dutch fleet, February1942. Dir Niek Kopper
Battle of Midway (US, 1942, 18 mins)
Rough-and-ready, contemporary account of this US victory. Dir John Ford
Battleship (US, 1987, 100 mins)
A history of battleships, narrated by Hal Holbrook. Dir Thomas Skinner
Battleship Bismarck (GB, 1981, 50 mins)
Comprising eye-witness accounts and newsreel footage of the life and death of the Bismarck. A BBC documentary.
Battles on the Indian Ocean (aka Gochin) (Japan, 1942, 50 mins)
Consisting of 16mm footage shot on board a Japanese submarine during one of its patrols.
Britain Prepares (GB, 1915, 50 mins)
The first British wartime propaganda film, aiming to promote the cause at home and abroad; the naval component was later shown separately as Jellicoe's Grand Fleet. Dir Charles Urban
Brought to Action (US, 1944, 30 mins)
The US 7th Fleet in the Leyte Gulf, supporting landings in the Philippines.
 
C-G
 
Challenge of the Sea (GB, 1988, 60 mins)
One of a series of compilations from the archives of British Movietone News, this dealing with maritime affairs. The WW2 footage includes the famous sequence, taken from a circling airplane, of the battleship HMS Barham blowing up after being torpedoed off Sidi Barrani, November 1941.
Coastal Command (GB, 1942, 73 mins)
The air force in its role of 'the eyes of the convoys'. Dir JB Holmes
Corvettes (GB, 1941, 12 mins)
The work of escort ships. Dir Ivan Scott
Dangerous Game (GB, 1976, 25 mins)
Life aboard a minesweeper. Dir John Tippey/Andre De Toth
December 7th (US, 1943, 80 mins)
Propaganda film built around the Pearl Harbour attack. The original version was never publicly shown at the time, allegedly for security reasons (it has surfaced subsequently) but a cut, 20-min version was released, to Oscar-winning acclaim. Dir Gregg Toland
Depth Charges (GB, 1946, 20 mins)
Produced by the Admiralty for showing within the service. Dir RK Nielsen-Baxter
Discovery of the USS Yorktown (US, 1997, 53 mins)
Exploring the wreck of the Yorktown, sunk during the battle of Midway. Dir Peter Schnaal
Eagles of the Fleet (GB, 1950, 10 mins)
Tribute to the Fleet Air Arm. Dir Cyril Frankel
The Empire's Shield (aka Rule Britannia) (GB, 1918, 60 mins)
A tribute to the navy, including scenes of the bombardment of Zeebrugge and an account of the exploits of HMS Vindictive.
Far Horizons (GB, 1945, 60 mins)
Showing the production of various ingenious devices sponsored by the Admiralty for invasion purposes. Dir P Cecil-Gurney
The Fighting Lady (US, 1944, 61 mins)
The story of an Essex-class aircraft carrier: her launching in 1943 and her first action off the Philippines. (Although purporting to reflect life aboard a single, unnamed ship, the film was shot on several different carriers, notably USS Yorktown II.) Dir Edward Steichen
First Left Past Aden (GB, 1961, 21 mins)
The frigate Loch Lomond on patrol in the Persian Gulf. Dir Compton Bennett
The First World War (US, 1933, 78 mins)
A co-production between the movie company Fox and the publishers Simon & Schuster. Film on various naval occasions is included, but the perspective is mainly American. Commentary by Laurence Stallings.
Flat Hatting (US, 1945, 15 mins)
Animated film showing correct and incorrect procedures for landing on carriers. Dir John Hubley
Fleet Air Arm (GB, 1927, 14 mins)
A documentary filmed aboard the carrier HMS Furious
The Fleet That Came to Stay (US, 1945, 30 mins)
The role of the US fleet during the invasion of Okinawa. Dir Budd Boetticher
The Free French Navy (GB, 1942, 15 mins)
De Gaulle's seaborne forces. Dir Robin Carruthers
Freighters Under Fire (aka Fighting Freighters) (Canada, 1942, 15 mins)
An issue of the news magazine World in Action. Dir Stuart Legg
Fury in the Pacific (US, 1945, 30 mins)
Produced jointly by US Army, Navy and Marine film units, this tells of the assaults on Pelelieu and Anguar islands.
Give Us More Ships (GB, 1941, 5 mins)
A National Savings commercial, urging the public to help support the navy..
Graf Spee (GB, 1981, 50 mins)
A BBC documentary, comprising eye-witness stories and archive footage relating to the battle of the River Plate, 1939.
 
 
H-R
 
Heroes of the Atlantic (Canada, 1941, 15 mins)
Another issue of Canada Carries On, this dealing with their merchant fleet.
High Angle Gunnery (GB, 1946, 55 mins)
An instructional film for the Admiralty. Dir B Salt
His Majesty's Navies Go To Sea (GB, 1941, 10 mins)
A special issue of British Movietone News. Dir Gerald Sanger
HMCS Sackville: The Last Corvette (Canada, 1960, 29 mins)
Sackville's role as convoy escort during the battle of the Atlantic. Dir Eli True
HMS Brave Swordsman (GB, 1961, 20 mins)
The duties of a patrol boat based in Portsmouth Harbour. Dir AL Miller
HMS Minelayer (GB, 1941, 8 mins)
Made by the Admiralty to publicise the work of minelayers. Dir Henry Cass
In the Mine-Strewn North Sea (GB, 1914, 10 mins)
A documentary about trawlers, opportunistically retitled for the outbreak of war.
Jet Carrier (US, 1954, 19 mins)
Documentary shot aboard USS Yorktown. Dir Otto Lang
Kamikaze (aka Suicide Pilots) (US, 1960, 89 mins)
A compilation of American and Japanese newsreels concerning the Pacific war and the kamikaze assaults on the US fleet. Dir Perry Wolff
The King's Visit to His Fleet (GB, 1917, 10 mins)
King George V visits some of the fleet's capital ships
The King With His Fleet (GB, 1928, 12 mins)
An issue of the news magazine The Topical Budget, showing scenes from the naval review at Spithead.
Life on HMS Rodney (GB, 1928, 15 mins)
One of the candidates for the title 'Britain's first documentary with recorded sound'.
The Log of the U-35 (aka Fernfahrt von U-35) (Germany, 1917-18, 25 mins)
The U-boat captain Lothar von Arnauld de la Periere was so successful that the German admiralty attached an official cameraman to his crew. This was a compilation of that footage, mainly showing Allied merchant ships being sunk in the Mediterranean
Malta Convoy (GB, 1942, 10 mins)
A special issue of British Movietone News. Dir Gerald Sanger
The March of Time
This was a monthly American documentary series, produced by Louis de Rochement and sponsored by Time Magazine, Inc. It began in 1936 and was discontinued in 1951. From 1938 each issue covered one topic only and ran for about 20 mins. Several dealt with naval matters: The Mediterranean: Background for War (March 1939)Battle Fleets of England (September 1939)The US Navy - 1940 (June 1940)Crisis in the Atlantic (May 1941)Men of the Fleet (July 1942)The Navy and the Nation (December 1942)Naval Log of Victory (December 1943)
Mastery of the Sea (GB, 1940, 25 mins)
Made by Ealing studios in collaboration with the RN and the Merchant Marine; intended to reassure the public, at the beginning of the war, about Britain's supremacy at sea. Dir Alberto Cavalcanti
Merchant Seamen (GB, 1941, 24 mins)
A tribute to the men of the merchant fleet. Dir JB Holmes
Minelaying (GB, 1946, 34 mins)
Admiralty-sponsored film describing contemporary methods of minelaying, as well as the process of 'handlaying', which was still practised on older, slower ships. Dir JG Murray
Naval Operations (GB, 1941, 7 mins)
A public information film, produced by the Admiralty and the Shell Film Unit. Dir Graham Tharp
Our Naval Air Power (GB, 1917, 25 mins)
An account of the fledgling Royal Naval Air Service
Pacific Hitch-Hike (GB, 1945, 11 mins)
An Admiralty production, describing the end of the war in the Pacific theatre. Dir Peter Hennessy
The Royal Naval Division At Work and Play (GB, 1915, 12 mins)
Produced by the Admiralty as a recruiting aid.
Rules of the Nautical Road (US, 1944, 307 mins total)
A 26-part primer for recruits, produced for the US navy by the Walt Disney studio. Dir Bruce Bushman
 
S-T
 
Sailor (GB, 1976, 150 mins)
Acclaimed BBC documentary about life aboard HMS Ark Royal. Dir John Purdie
A Sailor Is Born (GB, 1950, 20 mins)
A sailor's first few months in the service; produced by the Admiralty to encourage recruitment. Dir Jim Mellor
Sea Cadets (GB, 1941, 15 mins)
Aimed to stimulate interest in volunteering as a sea cadet. Dir Jay Lewis
The Search For Battleship Bismarck (US, 1989, 60 mins)
A National Geographic production, detailing the locating and exploration of the wreck of the Bismarck. Dir Peter Schnaal
The Secret Land (US, 1948, 72 mins)
An account of Operation Highjump, an attempt by the US navy, in 1946, to map the Antarctic region and test the performance of various equipment; expedition led by Admiral Byrd. Dir Orville O Dull
Story of a Transport (US, 1945, 30 mins)
Describes the transformation of the luxury liner Manhattan into transport ship USS Wakefield.
The Story of the United States Coastguard (US, 1935, 80 mins)
Just that. Its founding in 1790 as the Revenue Cutter Service and how it evolved into an organisation to assist ships in distress.
Submarine (GB, 1977, 17 mins)
A day aboard a submarine; made for showing by the Inner London Education Authority.Time and Tide (GB, 1945, 15 mins)
Tovarich Puts to Sea (aka Tovaritch Oukhodit v Mare) (USSR, 1956, 40 mins)
Describes the life and duties of Russian naval cadets aboard the training ship Tovarich. Dir N Kurikhin
La Tragedie de Mers-el-Kebir (France, 1940, 30 mins)
Made after the French surrender and during the Nazi occupation; concerning the British assault on the French fleet at Oran. Dir Jean Antoine
The Triumph of British Sea Power (GB, 1918, 20 mins)
A war's-end tribute to the work of the Fleet.
 
U-Z
 
Unconquerable Minesweeper (GB, 1940, 15 mins)
Apparently designed solely for American audiences, to help promote the British cause. Dir A Rutherford
Undersea Patrol (GB, 1940, 10 mins)
A special edition (Feb.1940) of British Paramount News, shot aboard a sub. Dir GT Cummins
The Unknown Soldier Speaks (US, 1934, 70 mins)
A compilation of First World War material, evidently put together to help the pacifist cause. Includes remarkable footage, evidently taken from some passing vessel, of a battle ship sinking, her crew swarming over the hull as she capsizes. The ship is identified as the Blucher (perhaps due to resemblances to a famous still photo of the Blucher going down) and the sequence, so labelled, has been included in subsequent war documentaries. However, historians have pointed out that the scene actually shows the sinking in the Adriatic of the Austro-Hungarian battleship Szent Istvan, on 10 June 1918. Dir Jack Goldberg
US Navy Identification: 3-Point System/Warships (US, 1942, 135 mins total)
Comprising 37 parts, demonstrating how to recognize a variety of US warships. Produced by the Walt Disney animation studio.
US Navy WEFT Identification (US, 1943, 73 mins total)
In 12 parts, this shows how to recognize various aircraft: the PBY Catalina, the OS24 King-fisher, etc. Also produced by Disney.
Victory at Sea (US, 1952, 650 mins tv/96 mins cinema)
The acclaimed NBC television series, originally shown in 26 parts, on WW2 as fought at sea; a capsule version for big-screen release was also prepared.
The Volunteer (GB, 1943, 46 mins)
The actor Ralph Richardson, as himself, explains the importance of the Fleet Air Arm. Dir Michael Powell/Emeric Pressburger
The War at Sea From Hawaii to Malaya (aka Hawai Marei Oki Kaisen) (Japan, 1942, 90 mins)
Timed for release on the first anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbour, this is an account of the Japanese victories in her first year of war against the west. Dir Kajiro Yamamoto
The Way of a Ship on the Sea (GB, 1918, 60 mins)
An Admiralty-produced propaganda piece.
WRNS (GB, 1941, 12 mins)